Veľká Nicholas M.
Veľká Nicholas M.
Head of the Kiev branch
Ukrainian Union prisoners - victims of Nazism
I was born May 10, 1942 in the village. Wide Beam, Belozersky district, Kherson region in a peasant family-farmers. In November-months in 1943 all men of our village was forcibly taken to the German occupiers Nazi camp in Nikolayev, and then forcibly deported to forced labor in Germany, Poland and East Prussia. Since the right bank of the Dnieper Nazis launched a defense of the shaft, and our village was located in that area was soon expelled forcibly from any other village residents. The vast majority of them worked for to live with. Chornobaivka near Kherson. And in March, months in 1944 during another raid Romanian occupation forces rounded up the inhabitants of surrounding villages to camp in the village. Kopani. This bitter fate and my mother with two children: my older sister and. For three days we kept on the bare ground under the open sky, and then transferred to the German gendarmerie who echelon in freight cars forcibly took away us through the city Nikolayev and Odessa for forced labor in Germany.
So we were in Gotha (Thuringia). Arrived this echelon forced laborers were sold to entrepreneurs and owners. Since my mother was pregnant and also had two small children, it did not suit potential buyers of labor. Therefore, we were transferred to the camp, subordinate police department that used prisoners for their own purposes or passed on daywork agreed, and at night took to the camp. Working in the camp was severe. Mom said that we were in camp. In 1999, I received documents from the International Search Service in Arolzeni was stated that my mother and we children were in the city of Gotha Street. Lanhenzaltsa, 80-b. In later received help from the Thuringia State Archives in Gotha noted that the address was "camp" Ostarbeiters "the protection and fence with barbed wire, which can be considered a concentration camp." In this camp, my mother May 24, 1944 gave birth to a boy whom she named Michael. In April 1945 we released the American troops, but were kept in the camp and beyond.
Only at the end of June 1945 we were allowed to leave the camp, and soon we were in the filtration-Transit camp number 278 in Buntslau (now Boleslavec in Poland), where during a three months lasting eye KGB curiously determined whether threat to outrage to socialism in the Soviet Union came from the American zone of occupation, my mother, large illiterate peasant woman. It is nothing, and during this long test is ill and died in our hospital Soviet my younger brother Mikhailik. Mother said that the diagnosis was recorded as "hypothermia esophagus." Mother is cheered by the fact that it failed to drop off his home to at least bury in their native land and be able to commemorate a human.
In general during World War II, Mother gave birth to three boys: Volodya - in 1940, I was - in 1942 and Mikhailik - in 1944. Volodya and Mikhailik lived only a half years. I survived one. I remember every year on Holy Days, "Farewell," which in our village is a week after Easter, Mother always invited the priest vidspivaty "For give rest" and over the graves Volodya. And then came one of the corners of the rural cemetery, people treated biscuits, sweets and fruits and begged, "remember, good people, my son, lying in a strange side, though I do not know whether it survived graves. And remember also my mother, who is one of those bumps, though I do not know where it is. " This is about my grandmother Marian, who died during the famine in 1933. Many of them were then buried, and wooden crosses were grown and even carted around those graves. At each grave my special tree, based on that, and marched to the family graves. But when the invaders drove away the inhabitants of the village and the village burned to the ground, then burned and cemetery. After the war, did not have either survived the cross, no trees survived. So not only my mother memorized this unusual way victims of the terrible famine.
In the distant 1945, buried in Buntslau mouse, we have long traveled home. For after Buntslau us more about two months kept in Rava-Ruska in Lviv. While living in the camp freely, and brought us home, citing the lack of transport. And mother, shocked the loss of the child, guided by some anticipation and trying to drop off as quickly as possible while home with me sister, showed great ingenuity. In fact, she ran away from there with us. After learning that periodically pass by rail freight with scrap metal from Germany to Nikolaev, she agreed with the driver that the train stopped in the woods. Thrown on the platform us zastrybnula itself, and so horribly mutilated by the war among the pieces of iron, we soon distalys home. As it turned out, Mother made a very timely manner. For according to recently published material is from this Rava-Ruska soon after our flight was sent to Vorkuta train of women and children, whose fate remains unknown.
Before us was kindly fate. Perebiduvavshy winter among the good people who returned home earlier and have just settled in the summer of 1946 they built their first post-war housing and we are.
Wintered already in his house. Of course, wintered hungry. For although the bread in the fields and vrodyv and Motherland took away every last grain, leaving the farmer without bread. Moreover, the experience in 1933 for robbery of the peasants have not forgotten, and willing to do the will of the Party and go to the head, not the work is lacking. A feed, and even pretty, these many accountants and representatives had the same farmer, which they obbyraly. But the farmer survived. Rescued homestead land and their own manpower. Our children too. Knap beets, onions, cucumbers, cabbage, pumpkins and potatoes kind of appeared. Rescued corn as a real nurse. For hominy of it, almost bread. If you child still did not know that there is bread in the world, and runs and grows, what more could you ask? I first learned that there is real bread, somewhere in 1948. The harvest was still OK, because in spite of terrible orders from above for urgent export of whole grain farm ordered the head of the first namolotu give each family a bag of wheat. When the evening drove a cow with combined work, he saw that the mother sprinkles water on some pink hemisphere in wooden mortars near the bench, and cover those mortars near the bench cloth. Interested so far unprecedented novelty, I ran up and said, "Mom, what is it?" Mother looked at me funny and sad at the sight of her tears came. Then, if something swallowed with some joyful reproachfully said: "Yes it is bread, sonny. Wait, let a little cooled, and taste. " Soon the first time I tasted real bread and learned that the world is Ukrainian loaf.
Since post-war life became to normal. Not shykuvaly, but ate decently. However, the meat used is very small, but the soup was always fat. And yet bailed fish oil, which is constantly gave to children. This abominable mother liquid flooded almost forced us into the mouth, and benefit from what has been considerable. The only money always lacked. For the family was velychenka, because after the war, mother gave birth to three more children: two boys and a girl. So I like the older, much more had to look after himself.
He graduated from high school almost "perfect." In 1959 he studied in Daugavpils Airport radio school in Daugavpils, and then in Kiev top college radio air defense, which finished in 1965 in "automated systems" and was awarded military electrical engineer. Member of the CPSU in 1964. From 1965 to 1975 he served as head changes, the deputy commander of technology and weapons divisions in radar troops subordinate to the Leningrad and Arkhangelsk air defense armies. From 1975 to 1977 he studied at the Faculty of Engineering management of the radio in the Military Academy. Marshal of the Soviet Union Govorova LA in Kharkiv. From 1977 to 1987 he served as senior test engineer, researcher and chief of changes in military units subordinated to the State Research, Proving Ground Forces Air Defense, located in Kazakhstan.
Since 1987, retired Department of Defense, Lt. stock. I live in Kiev. From 1989 until 1994 he worked as an electronics engineer in a special design bureau "South." Since 1994 worked at the Ukrainian National Fund "Mutual Understanding and Reconciliation" as an expert in the department expert legal work, and leading specialist in the management of software and technical and information support, archive and search work.
In 1990, in Memorial learned that the former forcibly expelled to Germany are entitled to benefits. In 1991 he received from the archives of supporting documents about mothers stay with me for forced labor in Germany, and soon the corresponding certificates.
Since 1993, actively participating in the Kiev branch of the Ukrainian Union of former underage prisoners of fascism - as a member of the Council offices, since 1995 - as acting, and since 1997 - as head of department. Since 1994 - Member of the Bureau of the Ukrainian Union prisoners - victims of Nazism. Since 1998 member of the Coordination Council of Veterans Organizations in Kyiv. For active participation in community activities and has received three thank Diploma mayor of Kiev, and in February 2004 I was awarded the award of the President of Ukraine - the Order "For Merit" third degree.
In August, months in 2000 at my initiative and with the active role of the former "slave laborers" Krygina Stanislav Stepanovich could find a good, thoughtful, and capable man Vildmana Igor Leonidovich, who undertook to establish and fund the activities of Kyiv city charity fund social security prisoners - victims of Nazi persecution, a board member who I am.
His wife Lyudmila working pharmacist. I have two adult children and grandchildren.
***
Thin girl with big eyes ...
It was in the camp, far from Berlin,
Where in the storm of war hard times
My mom of two year son
The Nazis-fiends drove to fear.
We, kids, the wire was kept there.
Held as hostages, that
To the mother with no escaping captivity,
And exploded in the camp for their children.
And every day we are anxiously waiting for them:
not everyone is destined to reach the camp.
But me, as my mother, looked closely
Small girls in six years.
Most lean, hungry and helpless,
They are miserable crumbs of soldering,
Hiding from the mothers of his worn,
To at least something to feed the baby.
Tell me, whence in those little small girls
In captivity, where a perpetual fear
Appeared selfless beginning,
What lingers in the beginning with women?
Ota women odvichnaya sacrifice
In despair, to oblivion,
Ota a znehtuvat readiness
To save a child for life?
I owe them this day of sacrifice,
Without them on nozhenyatah not stand.
But to me, then a small child
These features could not zapam'yatat.
Only in dreams happens that calls
And the hand reaches my girl.
Big eye on hudim face
And prominytsya gentleness in his eyes.
And the vision quickly and suddenly
Failure on his feet, crying mandruvat,
And forced to look straight feverishly
In women prylitnih, look a look.
I have long on this issue I'll
Many years of my life.
But all in vain, and stronger fear
To those girls did not go into oblivion.
Great God, have, Ukraine
I pray, pray, falling prostrate,
Do not let them die prematurely,
Look out little savior.
Maybe they will be able to find,
For though "thank you" from the heart to say.
Leave at least a tiny hope
Meet them and, maybe, vpiznat.
For now, ten years already invisible
Before me stretches from the distant haze
Thin girl with big eyes
Which one seemed to have lived.
